Who invented the nasal cannula

Year of fee payment : 7. Free format text : Year of fee payment : A nasal cannula. Some illustrative embodiments are a cannula comprising a first nasal tube having a device end and an aperture end the cannula configured to place the aperture end in fluid communication with the first naris of a patient , a second nasal tubing having a device end and an aperture end the cannula configured to place the aperture end of the second nasal tubing in fluid communication with a second naris of the patient , and an oral tubing having a device end and an aperture end, and the oral tubing mechanically coupled to at least one of the first or second nasal tubing the cannula configured to place the aperture end of the oral tubing in fluid communication with the mouth of a patient.

The first nasal tubing, the second nasal tubing and the oral tubing are fluidly independent between their aperture ends and their device ends. Embodiments of the invention are directed to nasal and oro-nasal cannulas.

Related art cannulas come in several varieties. Each piece of tubing extending over a patient's ears fluidly merge, such as under the patient's chin or behind the patient's head.

Thus, in a single lumen cannula only a single flow path exists between the patient and a respiratory device in spite of the fact that the cannula may have two nasal prongs, one for each naris.

Much like the single lumen cannula, a dual lumen cannula may have two nasal prongs. In a dual lumen cannula, however, the flow pathways to each naris may be separated by a barrier or bifurcation. Nasal cannulas of any variety are a very personal item, and not generally shared with others. In fact, sharing of a nasal cannula could result in a transmission of various ailments from person to person, such as tuberculosis.

The respiratory devices to which the cannulas connect may also pose a risk of transmitting various ailments. For example, a conserver device, which senses inhalation of a patient and delivers a bolus of therapeutic gas, may be transferred from patient to patient. This risk is minimal for respiratory devices where patient airflow does not flow through the device. For example, U. Finally, U.

In each of these applications, a portion of the patient's exhaled airflow passes through the nasal cannula and the respiratory device performing the measurements. The problems noted above are solved in large part by improved nasal cannulas. Some illustrative embodiments are a cannula comprising a first nasal tube having a device end and an aperture end wherein the cannula is configured to place the aperture end in fluid communication with the first naris of a patient , a second nasal tubing having a device end and an aperture end wherein the cannula is configured to place the aperture end of the second nasal tubing in fluid communication with a second naris of the patient , and an oral tubing having a device end and an aperture end, and the oral tubing mechanically coupled to at least one of the first or second nasal tubing wherein the cannula is configured to place the aperture end of the oral tubing in fluid communication with the mouth of a patient.

Other illustrative embodiments may be a cannula comprising a first nasal tubing wherein the cannula is configured to place a patient end of the first nasal tubing in fluid communication with a first naris of a patient , a first inline filter within the flow path of the first nasal tubing, a second nasal tubing mechanically coupled to the first nasal tubing wherein the cannula is configured to place a patient end of the second nasal tubing in fluid communication with the second naris of the patient , and a second inline filter within the flow path of the second nasal tubing.

The first and second nasal tubings are fluidly independent. Yet further illustrative embodiments may be a respiratory air filter comprising a first flow pathway comprising an inlet port and an outlet port fluidly coupled to a first cavity the first cavity defined, at least in part, by an outer housing , a second flow pathway comprising an inlet port and an outlet port fluidly coupled to a second cavity the second cavity defined, at least in part, by an outer housing , a first filter within the first cavity, and a second filter within the second cavity.

At least a portion of the outer housing defining the first cavity is mechanically coupled to the outer housing defining the second cavity. The disclosed devices and methods comprise a combination of features and advantages which enable it to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art devices.

The various characteristics described above, as well as other features, will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description, and by referring to the accompanying drawings. For a detailed description of the various embodiments of the invention, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings in which:. Certain terms are used throughout the following description and claims to refer to particular system components. This document does not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function.

Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct connection, or through an indirect connection via other devices and connections. First nasal tubing assembly 12 comprises a tube 18 having a nasal interface or prong 20 on the aperture or patient end, and a connector 22 on a device end.

Second nasal tubing assembly 14 comprises a tube 24 having a nasal prong 26 on the aperture or patient end, and a connector 28 on a device end. Oral tubing assembly 16 comprises tube 30 having an oral interface 32 on the aperture or patient end, and a connector 34 on the device end. Still referring to FIG. In particular, in some embodiments a permanent barrier or bifurcation 36 fluidly isolates the tubings 18 and With respect to the relationship of oral tubing and nasal tubing, oral tubing 30 runs parallel to nasal tubing In accordance with embodiments of the invention, the oral tubing is mechanically coupled to the illustrative nasal tubing 24 , such as by a bonding agent, or mechanical device or devices that hold the two tubings together.

Although the illustrative FIG. The illustrative three tube cannula assembly 10 of FIG. Higher flows also required larger volumes of oxygen. Oxygen tubing was run from the cylinders to the patient, who was often bedridden. There was no insurance coverage for home oxygen, and in most cases, the patient had to self-pay. By , most commercial insurances, whether private or government, paid for home oxygen.

The first payment model for home oxygen was a mathematical formula based on volume. Because the oxygen was delivered in tanks, a company would multiply the prescribed liter flow by the hours in a day by the days in a month and come up with a number for oxygen consumed. This was translated to dollars and cents. DME companies thrived as this new, cottage industry was born.

The oxygen concentrator was a large machine that filtered oxygen out of room air. The machine was and is essentially a compressor that sucks air in. The air is run through sieve beds that filter out nitrogen and other components, putting out relatively pure oxygen.

They weighed a hundred or more pounds and were bulky. They also used a lot of electricity and had no battery backup. At that rate, the medical equipment provider could provide backup cylinders. Many companies also sent out a respiratory therapist for a monthly visit. These clinical respiratory visits became an industry standard in many parts of the country. Priestley published six volumes of Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air in which he documented the discovery of several gases including what later would be known as nitrogen, ammonia, nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, and carbon monoxide.

Priestley is credited with the discovery of soda water. His experiments with heated mercuric oxide resulted in his discovery of "deplogisticated air", later known as oxygen.

It was discovered much later that Scheele's research was documented several months prior to Priestley's, thus the confusion over to whom the credit should be given for the discovery of oxygen. In , a medal honoring Joseph Priestley was minted to commemorate the bicentennial of the discovery of oxygen.

This front side of the medal from the collection of Felix Khusid is shown. This back side of the medal from the collection of Felix Khusid is shown. Thomas Beddoes. He used oxygen and nitrous oxide to treat asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, congestive heart failure and other maladies.

John Haldane. John Scott Haldane was a Scottish physiologist and physician who researched respiratory physiology. He wrote the first paper on the rational use of oxygen and was the first to describe the effects of oxygen on the pulmonary system. Haldane was the first to describe the effect of carbon dioxide on respiratory drive. His research on carbon monoxide in coal mines led to safer working conditions for miners.

Haldane was involved in early research on hyperbaric oxygen exposure. He is credited with developing a method for measuring oxygen content and designing the modern oxygen mask.

Alvan Barach. Alvan Barach was an American physician who laid the foundation for long term oxygen therapy in chronic pulmonary disease. He was involved with modification of early oxygen tents to include ice for cooling and soda-lime for carbon dioxide absorption. Barach developed the meter mask that allowed for adjustable oxygen concentrations.

He developed a hood for delivery of continuous positive airway pressure. He also designed the first portable oxygen system for his patients with emphysema. Click here to listen to an audio interview of Dr.

Barach by Dr. Barach, MD. The audio cassette package of Dr. Tom Petty's interview with Dr. Alvan Barach is shown. The cassette is from the collection of Felix Khusid.

Glenn Millikan. Glenn Allan Millikan , an American physiologist, developed an ear probe that used two wave-lengths of light in an ear oxygen meter. The device was used to detect hypoxia in pilots during World War II. Millikan coined the term "oximeter". Albert H. Andrews, Jr. He described the fundamentals for an oxygen therapy department, which served as the model for oxygen therapy and future inhalation therapy departments.

Andrews was the only physician to serve as President of the Association. Leland C. Clark, Jr. His polarographic oxygen electrode Clark electrode was invented in and patented in Clark developed the glucose sensor used in diabetes management and a perflurocarbon based artificial blood.

In , he developed the first human heart-lung machine. Clark published more than articles in biomedicine and bioengineering. He was credited with over 80 inventions and held over 25 patents. Takuo Aoyagi. Takuo Aoyagi , a Japanese physiologic bioengineer, invented the pulse oximeter in Thomas Petty, MD. Thomas L. Petty , an American pulmonologist, was an international expert on pulmonary disease.